We’ve talked about how important it is to get enough of certain minerals, but things can go the other way. You can also experience problems when your mineral levels are too high.
For example, you need calcium for healthy teeth and bones. However, too much of it causes what’s known as hypercalcemia. This doesn’t usually happen just because you drink too much milk. Sometimes it’s a hormonal issue or a lack of vitamin D (which allows calcium to be absorbed by the body). It can be associated with some kinds of cancer.
Hypercalcemia doesn’t have symptoms in its mildest forms, but as it becomes more serious, it can cause aching bones, stomach pain, depression, confusion, nausea, fatigue, kidney stones and an irregular heartbeat. An irregular heartbeat can even be a warning sign of an approaching heart attack.
Potassium in elevated amounts is known as hyperkalemia. Again, it won’t always show symptoms. Sometimes you might experience muscle pain or weakness. You may feel numb. The most serious problems are when it starts interfering with your heartbeat. You can’t skip potassium, though, as it keeps your cell membranes working and balances your body’s fluid content.
Sodium and potassium levels are often linked, with one affecting the other. Sodium’s main roles are controlling blood volume and acidity. Too much sodium is a significant risk factor for developing high blood pressure. Hypernatremia is the word for an excessive amount of sodium in the blood, and it can be caused by a loss of body fluids (such as through sweating and vomiting). It can make you feel thirsty, nauseous and weak. You may lose your appetite. It can progress to confusion, muscle spasms and even seizures.
Another essential mineral is phosphorus. It affects everything from cell energy to DNA. Hyperphosphatemia can be caused by kidney failure, diabetes or thyroid problems, to name just a few. On the rare occasions that it shows symptoms, it can cause calcium to deposit on your soft tissue.
Last among the five most important bodily minerals is magnesium. It interacts with potassium and affects calcium levels. Every cell of your body contains magnesium, and it’s also vital to the functioning of hundreds of enzymes. Hypermagnesemia, sometimes linked to kidney problems, hormone problems or diabetes, can slow down your breathing, make you weak and confused, lower your blood pressure and even contribute to heart attacks.
